Inserting Documents in MongoDB

Inserting Documents in MongoDB

Introduction

In MongoDB, documents are inserted into collections, which are analogous to tables in relational databases. This tutorial will cover the different commands you can use to insert documents into MongoDB collections.

Prerequisites

• MongoDB installed and running on your machine.

• Access to mongosh.

Step 1: Start mongosh

1. Open Terminal/Command Prompt:

   • Launch your terminal (macOS/Linux) or command prompt (Windows).

2. Start mongosh:

   • Type the following command and press Enter:

     mongosh

Step 2: Switch to the Database

Switch to the desired database where you want to insert documents.

1. Use a Database:

   use myNewDatabase

Step 3: Insertion Commands

1. Inserting a Single Document

To insert a single document into a collection, use the insertOne() method.

db.users.insertOne({ name: "Pankaj", age: 30, city: "Indore" })

2. Inserting Multiple Documents

To insert multiple documents at once, use the insertMany() method.

db.users.insertMany([
  { name: "Aditi", age: 25, city: "Mumbai" },
  { name: "Rahul", age: 28, city: "Delhi" },
  { name: "Sita", age: 32, city: "Bangalore" }
])

3. Inserting a Document with a Specific _id

You can specify a unique _id for the document during insertion. If you do not specify it, MongoDB will automatically generate one.

db.users.insertOne({ _id: 1, name: "Vikram", age: 27, city: "Pune" })

4. Inserting Documents with Arrays

You can also insert documents that contain arrays.

db.users.insertOne({
  name: "Riya",
  age: 24,
  city: "Kolkata",
  hobbies: ["reading", "travelling", "music"]
})

5. Inserting Nested Documents

You can insert documents that contain other documents (nested documents).

db.users.insertOne({
  name: "Anjali",
  age: 29,
  address: {
    street: "123 Main St",
    city: "Chennai",
    zip: "600001"
  }
})

Conclusion

You have learned how to use various insertion commands in MongoDB using mongosh, including inserting single documents, multiple documents, documents with specific _ids, arrays, and nested documents. Feel free to experiment with these commands in your MongoDB environment!

If you have any questions or need further guidance, feel free to ask!

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